By the appearance and progression of urgency, may be slow-type and the radical nature divided to facilitate in the way more often.
Slowly at first in hypertension.
(A) Early manifestations: early and asymptomatic, occasional physical examination, blood pressure or mental stress, emotional or dizziness found after fatigue, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, sleep disturbances, fatigue, concentration difficulties and other symptoms may department of higher mental function disorder. Early blood pressure only temporarily elevated blood pressure with continued progression of the disease and organ involvement are increasing.
(B) the performance of the brain: headache, dizziness often. An emotional, fatigue, climate change or clear the drug-induced blood pressure. The blood pressure rapidly. Severe headache, visual disturbances, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, coma, transient hemiplegia, aphasia, etc.
(C) The performance of the heart: early, compensatory cardiac function, symptoms not obvious, the late, decompensated heart function occurs, heart failure.
(D) of the renal manifestations: long-term renal hypertension-induced atherosclerosis. Renal dysfunction, it can cause nocturia, polyuria, urine contains protein and erythrocyte casts.Function of the lower urinary concentration of phenol red excretion and urea clearance obstacles. Azotemia and uremia occur.
(E) arterial changes.
(6) changes in the fundus.
Secondly, aggressive hypertension: malignant hypertension as well, accounting for 1% of the known high blood pressure can be a sudden change came slowly into the model may also be occurring. Malignant hypertension can occur at any age, but most see 30-40 years.Significantly increased blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure more in 17.3Kpa (130mmHg) or more, fatigue, thirst, polyuria, and other symptoms. Quickly lost vision, the eyes with retinal hemorrhage and exudation, often bilateral papilledema. The rapid development of proteinuria, hematuria and renal insufficiency. Can also occur, heart failure, hypertensive encephalopathy and hypertensive crisis, rapid progression and more died in uremia.
Hypertension phases:
Phase I: blood pressure reached the level of hypertension is diagnosed, clinical mood, brain, signs of kidney damage.
Phase II: Blood pressure reached the level of diagnosed hypertension and ①shows after a physical examination, X-ray, ECG or echocardiography left ventricular dilatation. ② fundus examination, fundus stenosis in general or local. ③ mild proteinuria or elevated serum creatinine concentrations.
Phase III: Blood pressure values of up to diagnosis of hypertension and has one of the following persons; ①cerebral hemorrhage, or hypertensive encephalopathy. ②
Emergency treatment of high blood pressure are mainly on the principle of different types of hypertension have different basic pathogenesis of acute determined according to the principle of individual treatment:
(1), hypertensive encephalopathy, the goal is quick money to restore the cerebral blood flow, reducing the cerebral ischemia, the preferred intravenous sodium nitroprusside or nitroglycerin, calcium antagonists and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors disable sublingual the β-blockers and methyldopa
(2) cerebral hemorrhage: grade should not be much easy money, the overall drop in blood pressure better than 20%, and only surpassed 28.0/14.7 kPa (210/110 mm Hg) before the test Buck, the main use of calcium antagonists and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors
(To prevent 3) subarachnoid hemorrhage: rapid decompression that further bleeding, but do not affect consciousness and cerebral blood flow in patients, the preferred calcium channel blockers and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors
(4) acute coronary heart disease: blood pressure within 30 minutes fast to a normal level, the preferred intravenous nitroglycerin, calcium antagonists and sympathetic inhibitors sublingual clonidine
(5) acute left heart failure: reduce rapid decompression of the left ventricular load, the preferred sodium nitroprusside, calcium antagonists and angiotensin converting inhibitors, beta blockers and disable Î direct vasodilators.
What is inspection normally conducted in patients with hypertension
(L), ECG, echocardiography and X-ray: identification of cardiac functional status and determine whether it cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial injury or whether it is coronary heart disease, etc.
(2) examination of the eyes: understanding the small artery lesions and to facilitate the classification of hypertensive patients. For example, general or partial retinal arterioles that small stenosis with moderate impairment, retinal hemorrhage, or bleeding, or the appearance of papilledema that the extent of vascular injury. In short, hypertensive retinopathy can the severity of hypertension and objective reflection mirror of the whole body level of small vessel disease, injury, fundus examination of the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis to help
(3), mean urine routine examination: whether early kidney damage, hypertension caused by renal disease, and complications of diabetes. If a large number of urine protein in urine, red blood cells, white blood cells, pipe type, should be considered due to chronic glomerulonephritis or pyelonephritis secondary hypertension when only a small amount of urine protein, a small amount of red blood cells , suggesting that a primary renal damage caused by high blood pressure, urine if found, requires further investigation of blood sugar, whether determined diabetes. To avoid errors, urine samples should be used to clean containers, take the first morning urine and timely submission; Female patients should avoid menstruation and stay to do urine test to urine
(4) blood tests: including urea, creatinine, electrolytes team, lipids, glucose, uric acid, blood viscosity, etc., to help clear whether the hypertension caused by renal disease to determine the degree of hypertension on the kidney the existence of some risk factors and complications such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, high uric acid and so
(5) Other tests: renal and adrenal B ultrasound, color Doppler ultrasound and Doppler ultrasound (carotid artery, renal artery and cerebral arteries, etc.) be revised. 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to record the normal living conditions day and night blood pressure, understand the circadian rhythm to a rational drug dose and time Guide
Concepts: Chinese medicine treatment of high blood pressure are mainly due to the Chinese medicine in hypertension in type basis for the implementation of the correct syndrome.Hypertension as a clinical social disease, according to their clinical performance, were Chinese headaches, dizziness and arranged in other areas. Chinese medicine, high blood pressure disease for wind, fire, phlegm, stagnation and other causes. After the patient and disease characteristics of different cards with different features to determine the different blood pressure medicine treatment.
Hypertension causes renal injury is mainly house workers, Yu Nu caused liver injury by liver and kidney yin and yang loss. Because the gas is not included in the blood through the body, growth and decline of yin and yang imbalance, especially liver and kidney yin and yang imbalance caused. Since liver and kidney, liver-yang, the formation of the next virtual on Sheng’s pathological. In addition, the liver qi stagnation damage the normal function of the spleen and stomach (wood is Pitu g) are formed, and, because of blood stasis and qi stagnation.
Governing Law 1: So in the course of treatment, conditioning should be integrated in various organs scales are the body organs, focusing on climate liver and kidney function, let alone achieve harmony, the normal operation, which can by meridians clear enough blood to improve the internal environment , the balance of yin and yang, to cure high blood pressure in vivo, the current treatment good results for the Meridian of Meridian Wealth true conditioning and some institutions.
Governing Law 2: high blood pressure and pulse loud, tight strings of patients for longer periods SND and Aconite Decoction Jinkuishenqiwan can be cured. SND will first serve 3 to 5 months, and then Aconite Decoction half a month or 2 to 3 months after serving Aconite Decoction Jinkuishenqiwan alternating rounds of small dose of both services, the dosage according to severity.
8 characters maxim of hypertension
— Salt, low salt, life-threatening “secret killer”
The world salt gradually been recognized as a “secret killer.” In the western industrialized countries, is salt in the grave than the lives of the victims of harmful chemicals or more. The inhabitants of Western countries, has gradually develop eating salad and cooked vegetables, salt in the bottle, he eats a little sprinkle salt diet. In Japan, from the beginning of the end of World War II (50 years of the 20th century), the hard times to the 20th Century, with the improvement of living conditions, people from eating dried fish, salted with lots of fresh vegetables, fruits, average food intake of salt by the 29 grams per person per day dropped to 10 grams less. Old “re-tastes young” fresh taste “, a change of eating habits on the incidence of hypertension in the Japanese one of the main causes for the decline from year to year.Subsequent stroke patients significantly reduced.
According to statistics, China’s north, northeast of the region in particular because of the cold weather, vegetables, fruits less salt to an average of 12-18 grams per day per person, while in the south to the bottom, which in the northeastern region of the incidence of hypertension than male the south, as the Shanghai region, is about to be more than 1 times.
Just look at the eating habits of the Chinese breakfast is often the porridge, bread plus all kinds of pickled vegetables (or tofu), the only 4 cm square piece of tofu to about 5 grams of salt, a small bowl with salted vegetables (such as mustard ) salt 4 had g. Thus, a fermented tofu every day under the World Health Organization standards for salt intake (4-6 grams). In addition, many of our people cook or Shao Tang in place both on the habit, MSG, and 1 g of the salt content of 0.5 g MSG. Many vegetables such as spinach, seaweed, bean sprouts, shrimp contain some salt into it.
In daily life, eating the same high salt food and some people are blood pressure, increase high blood pressure some people, a survey of more than 5,000, of which up to 30% in salt-sensitive, while the salt hypertensive patients sensitive to 60%. The daily intake of salt sensitive and who is not higher than normal, just because they have a genetic disorder of renal natriuresis, the body more susceptible to sodium retention, which leads to high blood pressure.
So, why to limit all the people of salt? Because the salt is not only a lot of people have hypertension, but also directly damage blood vessel walls caused by the body, hardening of the arteries, causing heart attack or kidney failure.
Find out a thorough investigation, potassium and calcium antagonistic effect on the sodium, potassium and calcium may promote sodium excretion. From April 1997, we have high blood pressure of 300 adolescents and their families carried out for 2 years, potassium, calcium, and demonstrated other open-salt-test, the last inspection, that these young people the blood pressure fell from an average of 4 mm Hg, with the same period but not limited to salt, calcium, potassium blood test were limited to the same conclusions the same time, not only for potassium, calcium, blood pressure of people on average 2 mm Hg higher.
As people in everyday life for potassium, calcium, this problem is our proposal, more vegetables and calcium-rich foods like spinach, rape, potatoes, sweet potatoes, mushrooms, mushrooms, milk, soy products and so on, eat.
— 1 kg weight loss weight loss, blood pressure decreased by 1 mm Hg
In the past, people have fat people regardless of gender and age, that “chubby” are Xiang Fu. In fact, fat is not only to a certain degree of “beauty”, but a disease. As the saying goes “Money can not buy old thin,” which is from a different perspective, that older obese more harmful to health, a health and larded with fat, obesity can lead to some life-threatening diseases.Hypertension and obesity are a “good brothers”, they are inseparable — About half of patients with hypertension are overweight, and obese people, half of high blood pressure.
There are many fat, fat, some people in the abdomen, waist, abdomen concentrated large, we call “central obesity” the most dangerous — Fat is often accompanied by hypertension and dyslipidemia, blood insulin increased glucose tolerance, as the “metabolic syndrome” known .The existence of multiple risk factors for obesity and poor prognosis. Since excessive accumulation of body fat, abdominal fat causes the liver through the blood vessels, making fatty liver, severe liver dysfunction (fatty liver hepatitis), and even cirrhosis.
To prevent the occurrence of hypertension, first and foremost a problem is to prevent obesity.What people need to lose weight? If they are to achieve the ideal weight calculation method is determined by calculating the Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI more than 24 hours, we should note. Find overweight should lose weight in time.
Diet to lose weight, we should first manage to “mouth” to recognize the dangers of obesity.
Current food intake also has flaws, they felt that losing weight is the staple food, during confinement instead of hard, in fact, have a bite too much energy, also suggested that Hun you eat more fat, vegetarian oil does not matter in fact, with vegetable oil unsaturated fatty acids, eat more fat. Therefore, oil “Keke” will fuss. Japan offers oil intake per person per day ≤ 18 g; our nutritionists advocate å…‹ 20 per person per day ≤.
Movement is a good way to lose weight. In general, fast walking, running, swimming, cycling are all suitable. ”Hurry up” is a simple game, and usually the time for each exercise should be more than 30 minutes and gradually extended to 1 hour. Daily life, movement, anytime, anywhere, for example, can be modified to work faster by car, on foot, until the sweat, tiredness is it so far.More entertainment, should people try to eat fatty foods, alcohol restrictions to control the total intake, and prevent obesity caused by high blood pressure.
In fact, the strengthening of the movement and why not reduce the consumption of calories, exercise weight loss, diet control, not just the economic side-effects and small.
— Decompression can lead to hypertension, mental stress factors
Adverse psychological factors may lead to hypertension. There is now, considerably accelerated the pace of work, showed a lot because of the workload, psychological prone to imbalance, leading to excessive activity of the sympathetic nervous system, work tachycardia, Huoqi Da; rest or sleep, heart rate slow. Long-term tachycardia (≥ 75 min bpm), the rate of cardiovascular disease will be reported Xpress increase. Mental health refers to the individual, whether treated between people and the environment to good coordination and balance, the ability to correct themselves, others and the society to maintain a state of mind. If you pay attention to mental health, for the love of the character, the face of pressure to a good state of mind and a healthy lifestyle. Psychological identified as barriers to the treatment of psychological counseling specialists. Western developed countries, almost 60% of people place great value on their own mental health, and the present, is our awareness of mental health counseling for the residents relatively weak, and the resulting consequences are often difficult to restore. For example, Shanghai has a few years ago, General Manager of an automotive plant, the pressure of excessive work, what finally happened to suicide tragedy.
is why in addition to the normal pay attention to psychological state, but also you can relax to the following practical “little tricks” to help.
(1) deep breathing, body relaxation, mental concentration on the breath slowly, slowly breathing, breathing soft and gentle, can immediately feel at one another, to reassure him.
(2) meditation, find a lit bad, quiet location, sitting relaxed, eliminate distractions, listen to soft music, their breathing, counting, or listening to soft music, imagine the elegant sunny beach can heart start again soon make calm.
— Blood alcohol Alcohol is a major risk factor for hypertension
Alcohol is high blood pressure, a major stroke, especially in high alcohol drinking liquor. The Russians like to drink vodka, stroke in the world, “top”, while the Europeans do not drink wine, drink wine and beer, and stroke is less clear. China’s current business dinner table does not drink liquor often enough friends, “have deep feelings, a stuffy, feelings, lick” culture. Drink a glass of brandy (2 2), leads, heart rate, blood pressure, long-term alcohol addiction, creating a vicious circle, and often end stroke.
Hypertensive patients on long-term, small amount of alcohol is beneficial, this has been a concern and discussed, it was said that every day can drink wine lipid lowering blood pressure, be good. A small amount of alcohol have not, expansion tanks, Huoxuetongmai order to eliminate the effect of fatigue. Therefore, the winter season or holiday, a series of moderate drinking and low alcohol beer, wine, rice wine, there are certain benefits to the human body.Although some people find that a small amount of alcohol in the blood can increase the beneficial High-density lipoprotein, but found also in high-density lipoprotein increased, while triglyceride levels are often increased. In addition, alcohol is partly offset the effects of some antihypertensive drugs.
Therefore, hypertension patients, though not absolute Jijiu, but should be different and should not be a small amount of alcohol than the long-term prevention of coronary heart disease are treatment options, we should not be underestimated, the damage of alcohol on the physical and mental health